'Nudging’, or Nudge Theory, is a concept in behavioural economics, political theory, and behavioural sciences, which proposes positive reinforcement and indirect suggestions as ways to influence the behaviour and decision making of groups or individuals.

Investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS), is a mechanism that enables foreign investors to resolve disputes with the government of the country where their investment was made (host state) in a neutral forum through binding international arbitration.

“Buying the dip” refers to a strategy where investors purchase assets after their prices have fallen, anticipating a future rebound.

For the purposes of the debate, the Ethnic Powersharing Model refers to a system where different key political roles in the executive and legislature would be divided up between different ethnic groups. For example, the President would be constitutionally required to be of ethnicity X whilst the Minister of Education would be of ethnicity Y. An example of this system is Lebanon were the President is required to be Maronite, the Prime Minister has to be Sunni, and the Speaker of Parliament has to be Shi'a.

In centralised urban planning system, decisions (e.g. about building appearance regulations, permits for new developments, construction of public spaces, etc.) are made on the municipal / city level. In contrast, a decentralised urban planning system strives to outsource these decisions to the local neighbourhood level.